Fever, lung infection

Fever caused by fungal lung infections

Fungi often infect lungs at a young age and remain chronic through life.
Many people do not realize, called "walking pneumonia".
If a fever is detected, treatment is prescribed.

Antibiotics to cure fever in fungal lung infection

Mycoplasma pneumoniae,
one of the common causes of respiratory tract infections.

MRMP - Macrolide resistant mycoplasma pneumonia

MSMP - Macrolide sensitive mycoplasma pneumonia

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

• myco-, Greek - "mushroom, fungus"
• plasma, "fluid, liquid" -- no cellular membrane
• pneumo-, "combo of; air, gas, lungs, breathing"
• -ia, "disease, condition of", the pathology
• -iae, "one who causes disease", the pathogen name
• a fungal lung disease, can spread
  
• ability to live inside our cells, intracellular
• often called, "auto-immune disease"

Mycobacterium tuberculosis - TB

• bacteria with a cell wall
• a topic for another page

Macrolide

• azithromycin
• clarithromycin
• erythromycin
• inhibits tRNA at the S50 site
• tRNA in humans uses S100
• in white blood cells, intracellular

Tetracycline

• minocycline
• doxycycline
• inhibits tRNA, both S50, S30 site
• tRNA in humans uses S100
• in white blood cells, intracellular
• avoid when under age 8; dental discoloration

Fluoroquinolone

• tosufloxacin [3 Fluoride atoms /molecule]
• ciprofloxacin [1 Fluoride atom /moleucle]
• inhibits DNA enzyme, inhibits activity
• not in WBC's, exocellular

autoimmune disease, there may be more:

• Rheumatic diseases
• SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus
• MCTD, mixed connective tissue disease
• polymyositis
• dermatosmyositis
• vasculitis
• Behcet disease
• systemic scleroderma
• AOSD, adult onset Still disease
• Sjogren syndrome
• rheumatoid arthritis
• autoimmune bullous diseases
• anaphlactoid purpura
• Neurological diseases
• multiple sclerosis
• myasthenia gravis
• CIDP, chronic inflammmatory demyelinating polyradiculoneropathy
• Gastro-hepatobiliary diseases
• ulcerative colitis
• autoimmune hepatitis
• autoimmune pancreatitis
• PBC, primary biliary sirrhosis
• Interstitial lung diseases
• iodiopathic interstitial pneumonia
• collagen vascular disease after interstitial pneumonia
• glomerular diseases
• rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
• chronic glomerulonephritis
• nephrotic syndrome

Some scientists feel that an autoimmune disease is a failure of the lab to identify the offending pathogen. I am in this camp of thinking.

--- article from Japan published March 13, 2017
--- Study conducted from July 2013 to August 2015

PLoS One. 2017; 12(3): e0173635.
Published online 2017 Mar 13. doi: 10.1371 / journal.pone.0173635
PMCID: PMC5348022
PMID: 28288170

Therapeutic efficacy of azithromycin, clarithromycin, minocycline and tosufloxacin against macrolide-resistant and macrolide-sensitive Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in pediatric patients

Nobuhisa Ishiguro,1,* Naoko Koseki,1 Miki Kaiho,1 Tadashi Ariga,1 Hideaki Kikuta,2 Takehiro Togashi,3 Koji Oba,4,5 Keisuke Morita,6 Naoko Nagano,7 Masanori Nakanishi,8 Kazuya Hara,8 Kyosuke Hazama,9 Toru Watanabe,10 Tatsuru Yamanaka,11 Satoshi Sasaki,12 Hideto Furuyama,13 Mutsuo Shibata,14 Satoru Shida,15 Akihito Ishizaka,16 Yuichi Tabata,17 Hayato Aoyagi,18 Hiroyuki Naito,19 Mikio Yoshioka,20 Atsuko Horino,21 Tsuyoshi Kenri,21 and Hokkaido Pediatric Respiratory Infection Study Group¶
Yhu-Chering Huang, Editor

Abstract

Objective

To clarify therapeutic effects of azithromycin, clarithromycin, minocycline and tosufloxacin against macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MRMP) pneumonia and against macrolide-sensitive Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MSMP) pneumonia in pediatric patients.

Results

Mean durations of fever following commencement of treatment in patients infected with MRMP and MSMP were 5.2 and 1.9 days, respectively (log-rank test, P < 0.0001). Among patients infected with MRMP, mean durations of fever were 4.6, 5.5, 1.0 and 7.5 days for patients treated with azithromycin, clarithromycin, minocycline and tosufloxacin, respectively (log-rank test, P < 0.0001). Among patients infected with MSMP, mean durations of fever were 2.5, 1.7, 0.9 and 4.3 days for patients treated with azithromycin, clarithromycin, minocycline and tosufloxacin, respectively (log-rank test, P = 0.0162). The MIC90s of azithromycin and clarithromycin among the 27 isolates of MRMP were 64 and 256 μg/ml, respectively, and those among the 23 isolates of MSMP were <0.000125 and 0.001 μg/ml, respectively. The MIC90s of minocycline and tosufloxacin among the 27 isolates of MRMP were 1.0 and 0.25 μg/ml, respectively, and those among the 23 isolates of MSMP were 1.0 and 0.5 μg/ml, respectively.
Conclusion

Both minocycline and tosufloxacin showed good in vitro activities against MRMP. Minocycline, but not tosufloxacin, shortened the duration of fever in pediatric patients infected with MRMP compared to the duration of fever in patients treated with macrolides.